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Piroctone Olamine

INCI Name                                    : Piroctone Olamine
CAS No.                                        : 68890-66-4
EINECS                                         : 272-574-2
Molecular Formula                     : C14H23NO2•C2H7NO

Chemical Name /Synonyms :1-Hydroxy-4-methyl-6-(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)-2-
(1H)pyridinone,2-aminoethanol salt

Structure :

 

Piroctone Olamine

 

Physical-Chemical Properties
Appearance : White or slightly yellow crystalline powder.
Solubility : Freely soluble in 10% ethanol in water; soluble in solution containing surfactants in water or in 1%-10% ethanol; slightly soluble in water and in oil. The solubility in water varies by pH value, and is a litter larger in neutral or weak basic solution than in acid solution.
PH : 8.5-10.0 (1% suspension in water, 20℃)
PKa : 7.4
Melting range : 130-135℃
Thickening : Piroctone olamine increases the viscosity of many surfactant system.


Stability:
a). pH :  Stable in solution of pH 3 to pH 9.
b). Heat : Stable to heat, and to short time of high temperature above 80℃. Piroctone olamine in shampoo of pH 5.5-7.0 remains stable after one year of storage at a temperature over 40℃.
c). Light : Decompose under direct ultraviolet radiation. So it should be protected from light.

d). Metals : An aqueous solution of piroctone olamine degrades in the presence of cupric and ferric ions.

 

Compatibility :  Piroctone olamine is compatible with many cosmetic ingredients, especially with cationic surfactants (tetramine salt) and cationic active components. In some cases, this re-mixture increase the solubility of piroctone olamine.

 

Efficacy
The scalp defends itself against micro-organisms and fungus infections. The defence system protects the scalp against all kinds of influences that it is exposed to. Sometimes this defence system becomes weakened and a certain fungus infection develops called Pityrosporum Ovale. This fungus infection causes considerable cell multiplication. The skin is no longer in a position to defend itself; the scaling becomes rapid, and starts to gather on the scalp. A superfluous cell situation mixing with skin sebum causes dandruff to be formed.  People with dandruff experience itchiness of the scalp. Besides this, their problem is very often an ongoing one.

Piroctone olamine is an anti-dandruff active ingredient, soothes inflamed scalp and reduces flaking. It has a specific action against Pityrosporum Ovale, the agent responsible for the production of dandruff. The anti-dandruff product containing piroctone olamine destroys the fungus infection that is responsible for the dandruff and works against the formation of new dandruff, makes the scalp stays clean, itch free and prevents the formation of new dandruff, you become free of all the inconvenience relating to dandruff. 

After six weeks of treatment, the scalp dandruff decreased  81.7 % by using  a shampoo containing 0.5% piroctone olamine, and 68.6% by a 0.5% Zinc pyrithione shampoo.

 

Toxicity
Acute toxicity :  Acute oral LD50 –rat 8100mg/kg, practically nontoxic.
Subchronic toxicity :    NOEL: 100mg//kg/d (rat, orally, 3 months).
Chronic toxicity and carcinogencity : Negative.
Mutagenicity :     Negative.
Irritation to skin and eye :  Very low.

 

Special Functions of Piroctone Olamine
The reason that piroctone olamine finds favour in the eyes of manufacturer and technicians is not only because of its good antidandruff action, solubility and safety, but also its special functions such as thickening preservation and elimination of body offensive odour.
(1)  Increasing thickness
Piroctone olamine has an obvious action of increasing thickness of shampoo (Base shampoo contains 8% AES, 4%AME-Mg, 3%AAB, and water), when the concentration of piroctone olamine reaches 0.3-0.4% in base shampoo the viscosity of shampoo is about 3000m.pas. So the thickening agent may not be added, or added in a less amount when piroctone olamine is added to the shampoo. This not only simplifies the production process but also raise the product stability and reduce product cost.

(2)  Wide-spectrum of Antibacteria and antifungi
Piroctone olamine has a wide range of antibacterial and antifungi action, it has been used in soap, cream to eliminate body offensive smell, or to replace preservative. 
(3)  Preservative function
(4)  Elimination of body offensive smell

 

Uses
Piroctone olamine is a broad-spectrum microbiocide/microbiostat, may be used in formulating antidandruff shampoo, hair keep and hair care, soap, etc.

Rate of Application
Antidandruff   hair keep:   0.1-0.8% active ingredient.
Antidandruff   fixing agent:   0.05-0.2% active ingredient.
Antidandruff   hair emulsion:  0.1-0.3% active ingredient.
Antidandruff   hair supporting: 0.05-0.1%active ingredient.
Preservative:      0.2-0.5% active ingredient
Smell-eliminating agent:   0.2-0.5% active ingredient
Smell-eliminating scented soap: 0.2-0.5% active ingredient.

 

General Information:
Appearance :  White or slightly yellow crystalline powder
Odor :  Characteristic
Solubility :   Water ( 0.10g+10ml): non-soluble;
Methanol(1.00g+10ml) : soluble
Purity ( HPLC), % :  ≥99.0
pH (1% in water 20°C)  : 8.5—10.0
Melting point (°C):  130-135
Loss on drying, %  : ≤0.3
Sulphated ash, % :  ≤0.2
E1%(1cm) at 317nm expressed an dried substance :  214-236
Monoethanolamine content  : 20.0-21.0
Nitrosamine content PPB :  ≤50
Heavy metals(Pb,As,Cd,Co,Cr,Hg,Ni,Sb) , ppm :  ≤10
Hexane(GC) , ppm   : ≤300
Ethyl acetate(GC), ppm :  ≤5000

 

Documentation:

 

piroctone olamine MSDS.pdf

 

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